Dental

Consequence of the oral manifestations of Treacher Collins Syndrome includes:

• masticatory dysfunction, tooth or jaw pain, and speech articulation disorders

• Patients with Treacher Collins Syndrome have been described to have low effectiveness of tooth brushing which explains the high levels of plaque associated with their teeth.

• Tooth agenesis occurs in 60% of patients, most commonly mandibular second premolar clouding/discoloration of enamel of teeth ectopic eruption of maxillary molars decreased salivary flow, which is known to increase the caries index, this is usually to Treacher Collins syndrome having salivary gland dysplasia

• Mouth breathing

• Orthodontic crowding

Treacher Collins patients are more at risk of developing oral diseases such as:

• Gingivitis

• Periodontitis

• carious lesion formation

Patients that have been fortunate to have a fused palate, their palate remains high arched hence resulting in dental crowding and jaw malformations.

Pierre Robin sequence is present in many patients with the syndrome, this includes:

• - micrognathia

• - tongue that is displaced back in the mouth more than normal.

Patients with routine dental care can have normal oral health, without high caries level, despite these predisposing conditions.